在做阅读理解题时，在对文章的整体内容有了基本认识的基础上，我们学会抓主要的词句，找出段落中的主题句，从而正确领会文章的主要内容，并注意到是否对自己有利用价值。快速读过去，取出读物中关键性的东西。因此，我们可以把这种读法理解为快速浏览课文，领会文章大意。一般而言，通过标题可知道文章的主题。对文章的首段和末段要多加注意，以便发现作者的观点。

Energy and Public Lands

The United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of US energy production, the US Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing (租赁) both on land and on the offshore Outer continental Shelf Production from these sources mounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production.

In 2000, 32 percent of US oil, 35 percent of natural gas, and 37 percent of coal were produced from federal lands, representing 20, 000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undiscovered US oil reserves and 74 percent'of undiscovered natural gas.

Revenues from federal' oil, gas, and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State Government. In 1999, for example,$553 milqon in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury, and non-India coal leases accounted for over $ 304 million in revenues, of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year, federal land managers authorize rights of way for transmission lines, rail systems, pipelines, and other facilities related to energy production and use.

Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy production, though the amount is still significant. For example, federal geothermal (地热)resources produce about 7.5 billion kilowatt-hours (千瓦时) of electricity per year, 47 percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2, 960 wind turbines on public lands in california alone, producing electricity for about 300, 000 people. Federal hydropower facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.

Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public unease with influence on foreign off sources, pressure on public lands to meet US energy demand is becoming more intense. Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process. If development of energy resources conflicts with management or use of other resources, development restrictions or impact moderation measures may be enforced, or mineral be banned altogether.

What is the main idea of this passage?__________.

A.Public lands are one of the main sources of revenues.

B.Public lands play an important role in energy production.

C.Public lands should be developed to ease energy shortage.

D.Public lands store huge energy resources for further development.

32、Which of the following statements is true of public lands in the U. S. A?__________.

A.The majority of undiscovered natural gas is stored there.

B.Half of US energy is produced there.

C.Most of coal was produced from there in 2000.

D.Most energy resources are reserved there.

33、Geothermal resources, wind turbines, and hydropower facilities in Paragraph 4 cited as examples to illustrate that__________.

amount of alternative energy production from public lands is huge

ative energy production is no less than convnentional energy production

are the most typical conventional energy resources from public lands

rmal resources are more important than the other two

34、There is a mounting pressure on public lands to satisfy US energy demands__________.

U. S. is demanding more and more energy

Americans are unhappy with energy development in foreign countries

a few public lands are banned for energy development

Americans think public lands are being abused

35、Public lands can be used for energy development when__________.

development restrictions are effective

l land managers grant permissions

go through the land use planning process

is enough federal budget

Putting Plants to Work

Using the power of the sun is nothing new. People have had solar-powered calculators and buildings with solar panels (太阳能电池板) for decades. But plants are the real experts.

They've been using sunlight as an energy source for billions of years.

cells in the green leaves of plants work like tiny factories to sunlight, carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), and water into sugars and starches (淀粉), stored energy that the plants can use. This conversion process is called photosynthesis (光合作用). Unfortunately, unless you're a plant, it's difficult and expensive to convert, sunlight into storable energy. That's why scientists are taking a closer look at exactly how plants do it.

Some scientists are trying to get plants, or biologieal cells that act like plants, to work as very small photosynthesis power stations. For example, Mafia Ghirardi of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden. colod is working with green algae (水藻). She's trying totrick them into producing hydrogen instead of sugars when they perform photosynthesis. Once the researchers can get the algae working efficiently, the hydrogen that they produce could be used to power fuel cells in cars or to generate electricity,

The algae are grown in narrow-necked glass bottles to produce hydrogen in the lab. During photosynthesis, plants normally make sugars or starches. "But under certain conditions, a lot of algae are able to use the sunlight energy not to store starch, but to make hydrogen. " Ghirardi says. For example, algae will produce hydrogen in an airfree environment. It's the oxygen in the air that prevents algae from making hydrogen most of the time.

Working in an airfree environment, however, is difficult. It's not a practical way to produce cheap energy. But Ghirardi and her colleagues have discovered that by removing a chemical called sulfate (硫酸盐) from the environment that the algae grow in, they will make hydrogen instead of sugars, even when air is present.

Unfortunately, removing the sulfate also makes the algae's cells work very slowly, and not much hydrogen is produced. Still, the researchers see this as a first step in their goal to produce hydrogen efficiently from algae. With more work, they may be able to speed the cells' activity and produce larger quantities of hydrogen.

The researchers hope that algae will one day be an easy-to-use fuel source. The organisms are cheap to get and to feed, Ghirardi says, and they can grow almost anywhere: "You can grow them in a reactor, in a pond. You can grow them in the ocean. There's a lot of flexibility in how you can use these organisms. "

How do plants relate to solar energy?__________.

A.They are the, real experts in producing it.

B.They have been a source of it.

C.They have been used to produce it.

D.They have been using it for billions of years.

37、Scientists study how photosynthesis works because they want to__________.

e the efficiency of it

plant sugars to a new form of energy

green plants a new source of energy

more sugars and starches from plants

38、Algae are able to use solar energy to produce hydrogen when__________.

y are grown in narrow-necked bottles

is enough oxygen in the air

starches is stored

is no oxygen in the air

39、Researchers find it difficult to make algae produce hydrogen efficiently because__________.

ng the sulfate slows down hydrogen production

is hard to create an airfree environment

is expensive to remove the sulfate from the environment

algae's cells work slowly if there is no oxygen in the air

40、What does Ghirardi say about algae?__________.

A.They grow faster in a reactor.

B.They will be planted everywhere.

C.They are cheap to eat.

D.They can be a good energy source.

On the Trail of the Honey Badger

On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers (獾). The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers' movements and behavior as discreetly (谨慎地) as possible frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior. They also planned to trapa few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animal's reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.

"The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new. " he says. "That, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won't be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They're actually quite sociable creatures around humans,but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious (凶恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen. "

The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal's fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water contentt. Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey (猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research,including the fact that female badgers never socialised with each other.

Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers.

Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.

As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team to get up dose to them without being the subject of the animals' curiosity--or a sudden aggression. The badgers' eating patterns, which had been disrupted, to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to badgers' relaxed attitude when near humans.

Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert?__________.

A.To observe how honey badgers behave.

B.To find where honey badgers live.

C.To catch some honey badgers for food.

D.To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.

42、What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?__________.

A.They show interest in things they are not familiar with.

B.They are always looking for food.

C.They do not enjoy human company.

D.It is common for them to attack people.

43、What did the team find out about honey badgers?__________.

A.They were some creatures they did not eat.

B.They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.

C.They were afraid of poisonous creatures.

D.Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.

44、Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?__________.

A.They don't run very quickly.

B.They defend their territory from other badgers.

C.They are more aggressive than females.

D.They hunt over a very large area.

45、What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?__________.

A.They became less aggressive towards other creature.

B.They lost interest in people.

C.They started eating more.

D.Other animals started working with them.