篇章阅读作为六级的重难点，容易得分，也容易失分，稍不注意就会掉入文章所布下的的陷阱，如何在六级考试中取得阅读高分呢，请跟随小编一起来学习下下文所述方法，希望对你有用。

　　1 选择题型的篇章阅读理解

　　这部分是考生们最为熟悉的四选一的选择题。从样题看，主要还是考察考生的两大能力，即抓住主题和定位原文。要求考生读完一篇文章之后，能够抓住文章的主题，然后根据题干中的中心词迅速返回原文定位到某一句话，最后根据同义改写的原则，选出正确答案。

　　传统阅读题，在体裁上包含了常所用的各种文体，如记叙文、说明文、议论文、人物传记、新闻报道等。考题类型一般有细节题、主旨题、词义辨析题和推论题。而各类题目大都有自己的惯用句式。这些句式可以帮助考生了解考点是什么，要使用什么方法找到答案。所以，熟悉一些惯用句式对我们是非常有益的。现将惯用句式列举如下：

　　1)细节题 .

　　Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　All the following statements are mentioned in the passage except that_____________

　　According to the passage，who(when，where，what，why，etc.)……..?

　　2)主旨题

　　The major point discussed in the passage is____________

　　The best title for this passage would be________________

　　The passage tells us___________

　　The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to_______

　　3)词义推测题

　　The phrase“………….”most probably means__________

　　The phrase“…………..”in the context means___________

　　The word“……………”in Line X refers to_____________

　　Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence“…………”?

　　4)推论题

　　It can be inferred/indicated from the passage that___________

　　It can be concluded from the passage that___________________

　　What is the author’s attitude towards the……….?

　　The example of…………is given to illustrate that____________-

　　在了解完题型分类之后，我们就要弄清做题顺序。实际上，要做好传统阅读题，还是需要将查读、略读和细读结合在一起。具体答题步骤如下：

　　a.仔细阅读文章第一段和最后一段。这两段通常会概括文章的主旨，也就是文后主旨题的答案。 ，

　　b.回答主旨题。在看完两段话之后，可以先回答后面的主旨题。

　　c.查读文后细节题。根据文后题目，在文中找寻关键词。这些关键词有助于我们找到所需信息在文中的位置，完成细节题和词义推测题。

　　d. 略读文章。抓住文章里的标志性语言，段首句和段尾句(同“略读解题方法”)等，完成推论题。

　　2 简答题

　　大学英语六级考试要求学生阅读一篇长度为400—450词的文章，然后回答文后的5道简答题。此题型很早的时候曾出现过，属于主观题的一种，学生并不陌生。简答题主要是考查学生对篇章的理解能力、书面表达能力和概括能力。

　　简答题考察的是考生对文章整体的理解以及表达能力。因此我们也可以运用查读和略读的方法。略读是要抓住文章的中心思想，而查读则是重点关注需要补全的或简答的句子。

　　(1)答题前：

　　a 略读全文，抓住文章的主题——重点关注每段段首句和段末句;

　　b 查读简答项，根据细节提示补全句子或根据要求简要回答问题。

　　以下是试点考试样卷中的简答题：

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

　　America is a country that now sits atop the cherished myth that work provides rewards, that working people can support their families. It's a myth that has become so divorced from reality that it might as well begin with the words "Once upon a time". Today 1.6 million New Yorkers suffer from "food insecurity", which is a fancy way of saying they don't have enough to eat. Some are the people who come in at night and clean the skyscrapers that glitter along the river. Some pour coffee and take care of the aged parents of the people who live in those buildings. The American Dream for the well-to-do grows from the bowed backs of the working poor, who too often have to choose between groceries and rent,

　　In a new book called The Betrayal of Work, Beth Shulman says that even in the booming 1990s one out of every four American workers made less than $ 8, 70 an hour. An income equal to the government's poverty level for a family of four. Many, if not most, of these workers had no health care, sick pay or retirement provisions.

　　We ease our consciences, Shulman writes, by describing these people as "low skilled". As though they're not important or intelligent enough to deserve more. But low-skilled workers today are better educated than ever before, and they constitute the linchpin (关键) of American industry. When politicians crow (得意洋洋的说) that happy days are here again because jobs are on the rise, it's these jobs they're really talking about. Five of the 10 occupations expected to grow big in the next decade are in the lowest-paying job groups. And before we sit back and decide that's just the way it is, it' instructive to consider he rest of the world. While the bottom 10 percent of American workers earn just 37 percent of our average wage, their counterparts in other industrialized countries earn upwards of 60 percent. And those are countries that provide health care and child care, which eases the economic pinch considerably.

　　Almost 40 years ago, when Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty, a family with a car and a house in the suburbs felt prosperous. Today that same family may well feel poor, overwhelmed by credit-card debt, a second mortgage and the cost of the stuff that has become the backbone of American life. When the middle class feels poor, the poor have little chance for change ,or even recognition.

　　Questions:

　　1. By saying "it might as well begin with the words 'Once upon a time' " (Line 3, Para. 1), the author suggests that the American myth is _____________.

　　2. What is the American Dream of the well-to-do built upon?

　　3. Some Americans try to make themselves feel less guilty by attributing the poverty of the working people to_________.

　　4. We learn from the passage that the difference in pay between the lowest paid and the average worker in America is ________________ than that in other industrialized countries.

　　5. According to the author, how would an American family with a car and a house in the suburbs probably feel about themselves today?

　　(2) 答题时：

　　a 注意很多细节题，问答题与原文细节只是换了一种说法，或者用了意思相近的词，或者是同位语从句、定语从句的再述。例如：第1题问“美国神话是什么?”，原文中对应的句子为第一段的第二句“It is a myth that has become so divorced from reality that it might as well begin with the words ‘Once upon a time .’”再如，第2题简答的句子结构为“…..is built upon ….”, 和原文中对应的句子为第一段最后一句“The American Dream for the well-to-do grows from the bowed backs of the working poor”,此处，"grows from..."与 "is built upon..."属于同义短语。还有第3题也是属于这类。题中"attributing the poverty of the working people to"对应原文中第三段第一句中"by describing these people as 'low skilled' "

　　b 注意作答时的语法要求。例如第4题用了比较级，所以可以根据语法现象得知此处应该填形容词的比较级。从文中倒数第三段第二句"While the bottom 10 percent of American workers earn just 37 percent of our average wage, their counterparts in other industrialized countries earn upwards of 60 percent.”可以知道，此处应该填“much greater“ 。这类题需要理解简答项涉及的细节，然后根据语法来作答。

　　c 注意简答题往往是在文中原话基础上的再表述，而答案是直接的。例如第5题，文章最后一段第一句和第二句是这样的："Almost 40 years ago, when Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty, a family with a car and a house in the suburbs felt prosperous. Today that same family may Well feel poor，overwhelmed by credit-card debt…"这是一个对比句，以前感觉比较富裕，而现在则觉得穷。

　　d.由于简答题要求答案最好不要超过l0个单词，考生在答题时直接在答题纸上写需要的答案即可，切记不要太啰唆。

　　简答题答题原则

　　(1) 理解到位，把握中心思想

　　篇章简答首先也是要求考生对一篇文章的中心思想能够准确把握。中心思想的捕捉主要有两个方面，一是根据上文所提到的关键词，二就是要重视文章的首段，从考过的CET6简答题中不难得出结论，绝大部分文章的主题句都在文章的开头处。

　　(2) 题区判定

　　除了主旨题和作者的观点及态度题之外，其他的题目都是针对某一个具体的段落、句子或短语和单词来设计的。这就要求考生在拿到一道题目的时候，快速找到题目所涉及的文章具体位置，以免浪费时间不得要领。

　　(3) 细节选择

　　细节选择可以是对题区判定的另一个说法，也可以是对它的进一步深入。既然是一个题区，它所包含的范围势必相对过大，有时候使考生的答题看似有据可依;而实际上又无从下手。圈定所要答题的具体细节，是拨开迷雾的唯一方法。

　　(4) 重点归纳

　　归纳能力不仅仅体现在归纳题本身，其他题目都或多或少地考察了考生的重点归纳能力。纵观大学英语六级考试简答题所给出的题目，其中所要求的答案能从文章本身照搬的少之又少。这就要求考生善于抓住重点进行归纳总结。

　　(5) 准确表达意思，避免重复、繁琐以及画蛇添足

　　由于大学英语六级考试简答题在字数上的限制(按以往的评分标准，超过10个词是要扣分的)，考生在回答问题时一定要语言精炼，抓住核心内容，准确表达。 。

　　(6) 注意提问方式和答案的协调性

　　不难理解，如果文章用“why"来提问，考生的第一反应就应该是用“because”引导的从句来作答。如果是补全一个句子，直接补全就可以了。

　　(7) 合乎语法、拼写、标点规则

　　在作答时要使句子合乎语法规则，注意单词的拼写、开头字母的大写以及标点符号等。注：做篇章问答时，注意把握时间。不要啰嗦复述，拖泥带水，一定要言简意赅，直接回答 提出的问题即可。总之，简洁明了是篇章问答的关键。