相信很多同学也跟曾经的小编一样，对英语语法很是头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。今天小编就针对英语语法中的补语给大家做个分享。

补语的作用对象是主语和宾语，具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能,在句法上是不可或缺的。补语是起补充说明作用的成份。最常见的是主语补足语和宾语补足语。

主语补足语

它用在系动词后，是句子的一个基本成分，对主语起着解释或描述作用。常用主-系-表结构。

1. John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was her. (her做主语补语) 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。

2. -- Who broke the glasses? --谁打碎了玻璃?

-- Me. --我。 (me做主语补语= It's me.)

宾语补足语

名词、动名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补。

1. 名词

At the meeting we elected him monitor.

I think your brother a clever boy.

2. 动名词

We call the activity hiking.

3. 形容词

I found the classroom empty.

What you said made Xiao Wang angry.

4. 副词

He was seen to take his cap off.

Please call the students back at once.

5. 不定式 (to do)

Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

6. 现在分词

We hear him singing in the hall.

I found him lying in bed, sleeping.

7. 过去分词

I heard it spoken of in the next room.

He saw his face reflected in the water.

主语补足语与宾语补足语的联系

1、主动语态中的宾语补足语，可以转化为被动语态中的主语补足语。

They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作为宾语补足语) 转化为被动语态 The boy was caught stealing. (stealing转化为主语补足语)

2、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。

(1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.

(2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.

句(1)中的含义不是我看见他，而是我看见他正在打篮球。playing basketball是宾语him的补足语。所以叫宾语补足语。

句(2)中的含义也不是他被看，而是别人看见他正在打篮球。这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语，故称作主语补足语。主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语。所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态，谓语动词是可以接复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语) 的及物动词。句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语。

补语，就是补充说明的语言，是述补结构中补充说明述语的结果、程度、趋向、可能、状态、数量等的成分。希望通过上面的分享，大家能够清楚的掌握它的用法。