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1.at the very least是固定搭配：至少；起码；一点
e.g.At the very least, it would be a new experience for each of them.
至少，对他们俩来说都是一种全新体验。

2.此处的which是指代上一句中的数据
也就是（数据）是依赖于语言之间的比较来的

[补充：which引导
关系代词which在非限制性定语从句，中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
① which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。
如：These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。
She is an artist，which I am not.
她是一位艺术家，而我不是。
Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.
水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were.
那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上也确实如此。
② which指代主句中的形容词。
如：She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was.
她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
She is always careless，which we should not be.
她总是马虎大意，我们可不应该这样。
③ which指代主句中的某个从句。
如：He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.
他说以前从没见过她，这不是真的。
④ which指代整个主句。
如：In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。
He may have acute appendicitis，in which case he will have to be operated on.
他可能得了急性盲肠炎，如果是这样，他就得动手术。
When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating and sleeping.
他经常聚精会神地工作，这时他会废寝忘食。]

3.it is lost to science意思是它对于科学来说是一种损失。

祝学习愉快！