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同学好!
一、 关系代词和关系副词的区别
1、关系代词(that, who, whom, whose, which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
2、关系副词(when, where, why, that)可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
二、 判断用关系代词和关系副词
方法1: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
This is the mountain village which I visited last year.
方法2: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),根据第一点(区别),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
This is the museum where the exhibition was held.
方法3:当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing,the one, much, few, any, little等,或先行词是形容词最高级时,或在there be 句型中,或当先行行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that, 而不用which。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
方法4:在引导非限定性定语从句时,和在介词后不能用that,应用which。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
祝同学学习愉快。