同学你好，该知识点来自沪江网校《新概念英语2、3、4册连读【双11专享班】》的课程，想要更系统的学习，欢迎进入课程学习。不仅可以和更多的同学一起学习，而且还有老师、助教随时的学习指导和知识点解答哦。

同学你好~
overlook 俯视；眺望
a restaurant overlooking the lake
一家濒湖餐厅
Our back yard is overlooked by several houses.
好几栋房子都看得见我家的后院。

courtyard（通常为城堡、大宅第等的）庭院，院子，天井
the central/inner courtyard  中心 / 内庭院

which指代a courtyard
in which相当于in a courtyard
这属于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。


there be句型遵循就近原则，be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。
There is a book and three cats.
There are three cats and a book.
这里there was后面离得最近的名词是a fountain，而不是several trees，所以谓语根据a fountain来，也就是was

My hotel room overlooked a courtyard in which there was fountain and several trees.
我住的旅馆房间俯瞰着一个庭院，庭院里有喷泉和几棵树。


介词+关系代词引导定语从句

当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。

This is the house in which we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的房子。
这个句子相当于This is the house which we lived in last year.
which指代的是house，实际上which we lived in中which是in的宾语，这种情况下可以把in提前到which前，变成in which we lived

Copper is one of the metals with which we are most familiar.铜是我们最熟悉的金属之一。（形容词familiar与with连用）

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. 请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。（动词borrowed和from连用）



介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词往往受上下文的约束，究竟使用哪个介词时得从下面几方面来进行考虑。

(1) 从先行词跟介词的搭配习惯出发。如：

In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. 我的房子前有一棵树，鸟儿正在树上唱歌。(在树上一般用介词in)

(2) 从定语从句中的动词、形容词对介词的习惯要求出发。如：

The computer for which I paid 5,000 yuan is made in Shenzhen. 我花了五千元所买的这台电脑使深圳造的。( pay 与for搭配)

(3) 从先行词、定语从句中的动词或形容词两方面同时考虑出发。如：

Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now? 你认识跟那个男谈话的女孩吗？(talk 究竟接with还是接about, 这该由动词及现行词一起决定，因为这里是跟人说话，不是谈论物，所以用talk with)

(4) 复合介词+关系代词。如：

Go down this road, at the end of which you can see a high building and it is our office building. 沿着条路走，在路的尽头你会看到一座高大的建筑，那就是我们的办公大楼。

(5) 名词/代词+介词+关系代词。如：

I saw three camp beds, two of which were occupied. 我看见了3张折叠床，其中两张已有人占了。

同学也可以看看这里，对介词+关系代词的详细解释
https://www.hjenglish.com/new/p1189200/


祝同学学习进步~