课文原文

Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

参考翻译

 

请给我寄张明信片
明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几 行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了 床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！

 

重点讲解

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★send  v. 寄, 送

寄信 : send a letter

用法 : send sth to sb/send sb sth

类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell...

send/take children to school

区别 : take : 强调某人亲自送; take flowers to his wife 自己送

send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车 send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送

postcard  n. 明信片

[注意]/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音

send him a card

简写为card, 由此引申出 :

namecard/visiting card : 名片

Here is my namecard.(口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作)

ID card:身份证; ID : 身分, 身份 (identification, identity)

credit card:信用卡

cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种)

几种破坏 :

break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃

damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重

destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁

以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神上

spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱

1、宠坏 His parents spoiled the boy.

2、毁了某人心情.

This spoiled my day.

What you said spoiled me.

His arrival spoiled my hoilday.

 

Palace Museum:故宫

这个词我们在第一课见过了, 基本用法和private一起记. 下面再说两点 :

public house简称pub : 酒吧 ; public place 公共场所

in public:公开的; in private:私下里的(介词短语在英语中往往充当状语)

Let’s have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈?

Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)

以-ly结尾是形容词, 同样的还有lovely adj.

friendly单独用, 形容词, 一般做定语来用

作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way

waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里

领班 : chief waiter

商店里的店员 : shop assistant

其他公共场所的服务员:attendant

借进 : borrow: borrow from; 但borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.

v. decide

make a big/great dicision (重大/伟大, 更重大)

all the... : all the day (the可省略)

the whole.. : the whole day.

all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词

一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the

all of us;all of the students

 

反义词 : double 双倍的

★spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏(重点词)

★museum  n. 博物馆

★public  adj. 公共的

★friendly  adj. 友好的

waiter  n. 服务员, 招待员

★lend  v. 借给 lend to / lend sb/ lend .

★decision  n. 决定

★whole  adj. 整个的

★single  adj. 唯一的, 单一的

 


The baby spoilded my night.

Italian[i5tAljEn]于Italy[5itEli] : 注意读音不同

and 先后往往是对等的概念, but也是如此

teach .

He teaches our English.(错)

He teaches us English.(对)

语言不可数, 所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian

I can speak a little English/a few words of English

think about/of 考虑, 思考, think of还可指想到

think over:仔细考虑

last summer里的last表示 “上一个”

last:表示 “上一个” 或 “最后一个” , 表示 “最后一个” 时要加冠词the

具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on

I spend the whole day in my room.

spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点我花费/度过了多少时间

I spend three hours in the sea.

I spend my weekend at my mother's.

I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.

I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)

Review回顾 :

spoil

send/lend/teach .

send/lend/teach sth. to sb

【Special Difficulties】 难点

双宾语 : 直接宾语(表示动作结果)和间接宾语(动作目标)

give ./give sth to sb

sb: 间接宾语

sth: 直接宾语

间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加to(对……而言)或for(为……而做)

give a book to me.  I buy a book for you

take flowers to my wife.

order soup for you.

可以翻译为 “给” 、 “替” 、 “为” 的, 就用for; 如果只能翻译为 “给” 的, 就用to

与for相连的  buy,order,make,find

find sb.

do sb.a favor 帮某人一个忙

Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me.帮我一个忙

 

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